Spanish judges of the country's constitutional court are expected to rule in the next few days on the legality of Catalonia's declaration of independence.
Separatists packed the square outside the Catalan government palace, cheering their officials and chanting ``Liberty.''
Almost immediately after the vote, Spain's Senate in Madrid authorized the central government to take control of the prosperous northeastern region through the use of unprecedented constitutional powers.
The top Spanish court has consistently ruled against any attempt to move toward Catalan secession.
Prime Minister Justin Trudeau says Canada recognizes one united Spain.